Sentence Connectors Rules
1. Similarity: Likewise, similarly, correspondingly, by the same token and in the same way.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Similarity something. For example,
A. Men must wear a jacket and a tie; similarly, women must wear a skirt or a dress, not trousers.
B. Erica was late and I similarly was delayed.
C. You cannot teach navigation in the middle of a storm. Likewise, you cannot build a system of values in the od current educational climate.
2. Contrast: On the other hand, nonetheless, conversely, In contrast, however, yet, still, nevertheless, in spite of this, despite that/this
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Contrast something.
i. Direct Opposition
A. Alisha worked hard. On the other hand/In contrast/ However, Erica hardly did any work at all.
B. Rakesh is lazy. However, her brother is quite diligent.
C. Georgia is an optimist. In contrast/However/, Bellies is a pessimist.
Extroverts love crowds. In contrast, introverts prefer solitude.
Eight is more than Seven; conversely, seven is less than eight.
ii. Denial of Expectation (Unexpected result)
A She studied diligently for several months. Nevertheless/However/Yet/Nonetheless, she failed.
B. Robert is very handsome. Yet, he is not popular with girls.
B. My uncle is 80 years old now. Nonetheless, he maintains his interest in legal matters.
C. It's raining. Even so, we must go out.
3. Result: accordingly, hence, for this/that reason, thus, therefore, because of that/this, as a result, as a consequence, consequently.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Result something.
A. Jennifer passed her exams. Therefore/ Thus /Hence/Accordingly/Consequently, she had some good news to tell her parents.
B. Professor Dr. Liam is an outstanding scientist. Hence, he is highly respected.
C. She has been studying hard for a long time. Thus, she has made considerable progress.
D. Amelia lacks self-confidence. As a consequence, she is unlikely to be successful.
E. The demand has increased sharply. Accordingly, the prices are higher now.
4. Addition and Listing: also, besides, further, moreover, furthermore, in addition first (firstly, first of all, to begin with, in the first place, for one thing) secondly (second, in the second place, for another thing) thirdly (third, in the third place) finally, lastly, last of all.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Addition and Listing something.
A. Amelia plays football. Moreover/ Besides/ Also, she runs a restaurant.
B. Rosie write stories, in addition, she writes articles for a newspaper.
C. To prepare her homework. Daisy went through various history books: Furthermore, she took notes from encyclopedias.
D. During her spare time, Matilda practices the piano; in addition, she plays the violin.
E. I prefer to buy fruits and vegetables in the open market because they are quite cheap there. Besides, they are much fresher than fruits and vegetables sold at the greengrocers.
F. Living in a big city offers good job opportunities. Also, it provides good educational opportunities.
G. Nicole does not have a gift for music. Moreover, he lacks motivation to practice music. Therefore, be cannot become a good musician.
H. Owing a car has some advantages. First ( first of all/firstly/to begin with), it gives you comfort. Secondly, it saves you a lot of time. Thirdly, it by gives you great freedom of movement.
5. Time: afterwards, later, at first, then, in the meantime, meanwhile.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Time something.
A. I read the morning papers for a while. Afterwards, I took a shower.
B. First pick up the receiver and then insert a coin into the coin- box.
C. At first, I had great difficulty with grammar. Later, I was able to overcome these difficulties by studying then in the meantime meanwhile hard.
D. The party is on Wednesday, but in the meantime I have to shop and prepare the food.
E. They'll be here soon. Meanwhile, let's have coffee.
6. Exemplification: for example, to illustrate, for instance.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Exemplification something.
A. Women generally live longer than men. For instance, in the United States life expectancy for women is 75, while it is 73 for men.
B. Earthquakes can be highly destructive. To illustrate, the earthquake which occurred in Erzincan in 1939 devastated the whole town, killing more than 35,000 people.
7. Particularization: in particular, particularly, specifically,
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Particularization something.
Example:
i. Shopping in small markets is quite advantageous. In particular, one can find special items that larger stores do not contain.
ii. We still needed to arrange several details for the trip. Specifically, we had to make plane and train reservations as well as decide on the final itinerary.
8. Explanation: that is, namely, in other words, that is to say.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Explanation something.
Example:
i. The brochure dealt with travelling in Morocco. That is/In other words/ Namely, it discussed transportation, currency, and language.
ii. The machinery was not impaired; that is, it wasn't damaged.
iii. Good readers should be able to read between the lines; that is, they should be able to make inferences (to draw conclusions) about information that is conveyed indirectly or given only partially.
iv. There is only one topic to discuss, namely, the question of discipline.
v. As a child grows up, he learns how to behave in ways which are appropriate to the society into which he is born. That is to say, he acquires the patterns of behaviour which are accepted as normal in his society.
9. Emphasis: in fact, indeed, as a matter of fact, actually.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Emphasis something.
Example:
i. She is quite wealthy. In fact, she is one of the richest women in London.
ii. I like reading. As a matter of fact, it is my favourite pastime.
iii. Murray is a highly talented musician. Indeed, he has an extraordinary gift for music.
10. Refutation: on the contrary.
Example:
i. He is not ugly. On the contrary, he is a good-looking boy.
ii. I don't hate classical music. On the contrary, I'm very fond of it.
11. Reformulation: in other words, to put it in a different way, put differently.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Reformulation something.
Example:
i. She is a conservative. In other words, she favours the preservation of old institutions in their original form.
ii. Is there a cheaper solution? In other words, can you make a cheaper device?
12. Correction: rather, to be more precise.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Correction something.
Example:
i. She is enjoying herself. Rather, she seems to be enjoying herself.
ii. This system must be improved. Rather, it must be thoroughly changed.
iii. Her name is not Mona. Rather, it is Eva.
13. Transition: as for, as to, as regards, regarding, with regard to, as far as X is concerned, with respect to.
These kinds of sentence connectors are used for Transition something.
Example:
i. Both Eva and Erica are my friends. Eva studies law at Oxford University. As for Erica, she studies regarding mechanical engineering at Cambridge university.
ii. As far as comfort is concerned, a car is definitely much better than a bicycle. On the other hand, with respect to convenience, it is difficult to say the same thing.
14. Alternative
Example: You're welcome to come with us in our car. Alternatively, you could go later with Erica.
15. Negative Condition: or else, otherwise.
Example:
i. I must leave now, or else I'll be late.
ii. You must study hard. Otherwise, you may fail.
16. Summation/ Conclusion: in summary, in brief, in short, in conclusion, to be brief, to sum up, all in all.
Example:
i. This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat ever; in short, it is a fiasco.
ii. The system lacked originality, efficiency and ingenuity. In conclusion, it was a complete failure.
