45th BCS English Written Exam Question with answer
1. Answer the questions in your own words. Don't copy from the text above. Copying from the text above may affect the evaluation.
(a) What are the main aims of ecotourism?
(b) On what does the success of ecotourism depend?
(c) What initiatives have hotels taken to reduce their impact on the environment?
(d) Define ecotourism. What are the principles of ecotourism?
(e) How do the governments support ecotourism? What individual tourists can do to support ecotourism?
(f) What are the dangerous impact of ecotourism on environment?
Answer-1:
(a) The main aims of ecotourism include economic sustainability, ecological sensitivity, and cultural acceptability. It seeks to promote conservation, cultural exchange, and sustainable development.
(b) The success of ecotourism depends on responsible practices by tourists, businesses, and local residents, minimizing environmental impact, and ensuring financial benefits benefit the community through conservation projects and local involvement.
(c) Hotels have taken initiatives such as implementing environmental policies, participating in programs like the International Hotels Environment Initiative (IHEI), and developing action packs for environmental management, energy conservation, and waste reduction.
(d) Ecotourism is defined as a form of tourism that is economically sustainable, ecologically sensitive, and culturally acceptable. Its principles involve seeking remote, environmentally protected locations, encouraging minimal environmental impact, and passing on financial benefits to local communities.
(e) Governments support ecotourism through national policies and strategies, as seen in examples like Belize and Costa Rica. Individual tourists can make informed choices, reduce their impact, participate in conservation projects, pressure governments for environmental laws, and spend money on eco-friendly practices.
(f) The dangerous impacts of ecotourism on the environment include increased resource consumption, larger environmental footprints due to higher numbers of tourists, and the risk of turning nature into a commodity. Uncontrolled growth in sensitive areas could undermine the original conservation goals.
2. Make sentences of your own with each of the following words as directed: Copying, vagueness and ambiguity must be avoided.
(a) Sustainable (Comparative)
(b) Distinguish (Complex)
(c) Exploitation (Imperative)
(d) Conserve (Compound)
(e) Committed (Negative)
(f) Implement (Simple)
(g) Disposal (Simple)
(h) Accommodate (Negative)
(i) Challenging (Interrogative)
(j) Compromising (Comparative)
Answer-2:
(a) The efforts towards sustainability in this project are more significant than in the previous initiative.
(b) To effectively distinguish between the two theories, one must carefully analyze their underlying principles.
(c) Address the issue of exploitation immediately.
(d) In order to conserve water resources, individuals can adopt water-saving habits and promote water conservation in their communities.
(e) Some individuals view those who are overly committed to their work as neglecting other important aspects of life.
(f) The company plans to implement a new system to streamline its processes and improve overall efficiency.
(g) Proper disposal of electronic waste is crucial to prevent environmental pollution and health hazards.
(h) The limited resources available negatively impact our ability to accommodate the increasing demand for affordable housing.
(i) Is finding sustainable solutions to climate change not a challenging task that requires global cooperation?
(j) The current proposal is less compromising than the previous one, aiming to address concerns from various stakeholders.
3. Combine each group of sentences into a simple, compound or complex sentence as the context demands.
(a) Ecotourism can be achieved only if steps are taken in the right direction. In 1993, British Airways led the way as the first airline to implement a systematic environmental policy.
(b) While progress continues to be made on many fronts and by many players, it is the individual traveller who will keep ecotourism on track. Tourists can make informed choices about travel destinations and tour operators, as well as conscious efforts to reduce their individual impact on the environment and to practise cultural sensitivity toward local people.
Answer-3:
(a) Achieving ecotourism is possible only if steps are taken in the right direction, and in 1993, British Airways led the way as the first airline to implement a systematic environmental policy.
(b) While progress continues on many fronts and by many players, it is the individual traveler who will keep ecotourism on track by making informed choices about travel destinations and tour operators. They can also make conscious efforts to reduce their individual impact on the environment and practice cultural sensitivity toward local people.
4. Rewrite the passage eliminating errors. The errors will include different types of grammatical items.
Ecotourism can be achieved only steps are taken if steps are taken in the right direction. In 1993, British Airways led the way as the first airline to implement a systematic environmental policy. In 1995, the International Hotels Environmental Initiative has developed an "Environmental Action Pack for Hotels" to promotion of environmental management, energy, and water conservation, and wastage and emission reduction. In 1996, the World Tourism Organization, the World Travel and Tourism Council, and the Earth Summit Council drafted Agendas 21 for the Travel and Tourism Industry, recognizing the interdependence of tourism, peace, development, and protecting the environment.
Answer-4:
Ecotourism can be achieved only if steps are taken in the right direction. In 1993, British Airways led the way as the first airline to implement a systematic environmental policy. In 1995, the International Hotels Environmental Initiative developed an "Environmental Action Pack for Hotels" to promote environmental management, energy, water conservation, and waste and emission reduction. In 1996, the World Tourism Organization, the World Travel and Tourism Council, and the Earth Summit Council drafted Agenda 21 for the Travel and Tourism Industry, recognizing the interdependence of tourism, peace, development, and environmental protection.
5. Write briefly the main idea of the above text. Add your comments. Give a suitable title to it. (within 100 words)
Answer-5:
Title: "Sustainable Tourism Initiatives"
The passage discusses the growth and principles of ecotourism, emphasizing the need for responsible steps to achieve sustainability. It highlights key milestones, such as British Airways' environmental policy and the International Hotels Environmental Initiative's actions. The text also mentions global efforts, like Agenda 21, recognizing the interconnectedness of tourism, peace, and environmental protection. Overall, it underscores the importance of proactive measures by both businesses and governments to promote ecotourism. This aligns with the broader theme of balancing tourism with environmental conservation and responsible practices.
6. Write a feature for the post editorial page of an English daily with a forwarding note, giving emphasis on the prospects ecotourism in Bangladesh.
Answer-6:
Forwarding Note:
Dear Editor,
I hope this feature on the prospects of ecotourism in Bangladesh will resonate with the readers, shedding light on the untapped potential in our country. The piece explores how embracing ecotourism can not only boost our tourism industry but also contribute significantly to environmental conservation. It emphasizes the unique opportunities and challenges Bangladesh faces in this context.
Best regards,
[Your Name]
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Title: "Unlocking Green Horizons: The Untapped Potential of Ecotourism in Bangladesh"
Bangladesh, with its diverse landscapes and rich biodiversity, stands at the cusp of a promising era in tourism – ecotourism. As global travelers increasingly seek authentic, sustainable experiences, our nation possesses the ideal canvas for this burgeoning industry.
Preserving Nature's Bounty:
From the Sundarbans' mangrove forests to the pristine hills of Bandarban, Bangladesh boasts ecosystems waiting to be explored. Ecotourism not only offers a chance to showcase these natural wonders but also encourages their preservation. Responsible tourism practices can ensure that our scenic landscapes remain untouched for generations.
Empowering Local Communities:
One of the unique aspects of ecotourism is its potential to uplift local communities. By engaging with indigenous cultures and promoting community-based initiatives, ecotourism becomes a catalyst for economic development. This inclusivity ensures that the benefits of tourism reach the grassroots level.
Challenges and Opportunities:
While the prospects are promising, challenges such as infrastructural development and awareness need to be addressed. Investments in sustainable practices, eco-friendly accommodations, and guided tours can transform these challenges into opportunities. Moreover, educating both tourists and locals about the importance of conservation is paramount.
Government Initiatives:
The government's role is pivotal in fostering ecotourism. Strategic policies, incentives for eco-friendly establishments, and collaboration with environmental organizations can create an enabling environment. Learning from successful ecotourism models worldwide, Bangladesh can carve its niche in the global travel map.
Conclusion:
The prospects of ecotourism in Bangladesh are not merely about attracting tourists; they represent a commitment to preserving our natural heritage. It's a call to transform our tourism industry into a sustainable force that benefits both the environment and our communities. As we embark on this journey, the allure of Bangladesh's green landscapes awaits discovery, promising a harmonious blend of adventure, conservation, and cultural richness.
7. Write essays on the following topics, each within 500 words, and using the hints given therewith:
(a) World Refugee Problem
Hints: Introduction→Define a refugee→Factors behind being a refugee Refugee problems in Asia→Refugee problems in Europe→The sufferings of the refugees→The role of international agencies in addressing the issue→Recommendations.
Answer: World Refugee Problem
(b) The Autobiography of a Crippled Freedom Fighter
Hints: Introduction→What was his previous life before being a freedom fighter→ His inspiration to be a freedom fighter to liberate the country →Description of his encounter with the enemy and his being crippled →How he felt after the victory→His present condition→His dream and conclusion.
(b) The Autobiography of a Crippled Freedom Fighter
Hints: Introduction→What was his previous life before being a freedom fighter→ His inspiration to be a freedom fighter to liberate the country →Description of his encounter with the enemy and his being crippled →How he felt after the victory→His present condition→His dream and conclusion.
8. Translate into English:
চিত্তবিনোদন মানুষের সর্বকালীন চাহিদা যার প্রকার ও প্রকৃতি পরিবর্তনশীল। সভ্যতার ক্রমবিবর্তনে ও বিজ্ঞানের কল্যাণে এর বিস্তার ঘটেছে বিভিন্ন দেশে, বিভিন্নভাবে। আমাদের বাংলাদেশের মানুষ এখন ঘরে বসে বিভিন্ন দেশের আচার-আচরণ পর্যবেক্ষণ করতে এবং নৃত্যগীত ও নানাধরনের সাংস্কৃতিক অনুষ্ঠান উপভোগ করতে পারছে। সুদূর অতীতে এমনটা ছিল না একথা বলাই বাহুল্য। বিভিন্ন ধরনের শারীরিক কসরৎ দর্শন ও প্রদর্শনই ছিল বিনোদনের একটা বড় উপায়। এদের মধ্যে নৌকা বাইচ ছিল অন্যতম যা এখনও আছে।
মাঠঘাট, নদীনালা যখন পানিতে ভরপুর থাকে তখনই অনুষ্ঠিত হয় নৌকা বাইচ। এই বাইচ সাধারণতঃ উদ্যোক্তাদের নির্দিষ্ট করে দেয়া দেড় বা দুই মাইলের মধ্যে অনুষ্ঠিত হয়ে থাকে। বাইচের নৌকা চল্লিশ থেকে ষাট হাত লম্বা এবং পাঁচ ছয় হাত চওড়া হয়। প্রতিটি নৌকায় বিশ-পঁচিশজন করে লোক থাকে যারা গানের সুরে দেশীয় বাদ্যযন্ত্র বাজিয়ে একদিকে দর্শকদের আনন্দ দেয়, আবার অন্যদিকে নৌকার মাঝিমাল্লাদের উৎসাহিত করে, দুই তীরের উৎফুল্ল দর্শক হাততালি দিয়ে আনন্দ প্রকাশ করে। যে নৌকাটি সবার আগে একটা নিশানা দ্বারা নির্দেশ করা সীমানা অতিক্রম করে সে নৌকাই বিজয়ী ঘোষিত হয়। বর্তমানে নৌকা বাইচ কমে গেলেও এদেশের ঐতিহ্যের ধারক ও বাহক হিসাবে এর গুরুত্ব এখনও অস্বীকার করা যায় না।
Answer-8:
Entertainment is a universal human need, the type and nature of which change over time. With the evolution of civilization and the advancement of science, it has spread to different countries in different ways. The people of our Bangladesh can now observe the customs and traditions of different countries, and enjoy dance, music, and various cultural events from the comfort of their homes. It goes without saying that this was not the case in the distant past. Watching and performing various types of physical feats was a major source of entertainment. Among them, boat racing was one of the most popular, and it still exists today.
Boat racing is held when the fields, meadows, and rivers are full of water. This race is usually held within a distance of one and a half or two miles specified by the organizers. The boat for the race is forty to sixty feet long and five to six feet wide. Twenty to twenty-five people are in each boat, who play folk instruments to the tune of songs on one hand, to entertain the spectators, on the other hand, to encourage the boatmen, and the excited spectators on the two banks express their joy by clapping their hands. The boat that crosses the boundary indicated by a target first is declared the winner. Although the number of boat races has decreased at present, its importance as a bearer of the tradition of this country cannot be denied.
9. Translate into Bangla
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.
These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a way ward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy-ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loveliness that terrible loveliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold un-fathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic, miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what at last-1 have found. With equal passion I have sought knowledge I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whale world of loveliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it warth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.
Answer-9:
জীবনে তিনটি জোরালো অনুভূতি আমাকে চালনা করেছে: ভালোবাসার তীব্র আকাঙ্ক্ষা, জ্ঞানের অনুসন্ধান এবং মানবজাতির দুঃখকষ্টের প্রতি অসহ্য সহানুভূতি।
এই অনুভূতিগুলো, যেন ঝড়ো হাওয়া, আমাকে এদিক-ওদিক মেলে দিয়েছে, গভীর দুঃখের সাগরে ভাসিয়ে তুলেছে, এমনকি হতাশার কূলে নিয়ে এসেছে। প্রথমত, আমি ভালোবাসা খুঁজেছি, কারণ এটি আমাকে পরমানন্দ এনে দেয় - এমন এক পরমানন্দ যে, কয়েক ঘণ্টার এই আনন্দের জন্য আমি প্রায়শই জীবনের সবকিছু ত্যাগ করতে রাজি হতাম। দ্বিতীয়ত, আমি এটি খুঁজেছি কারণ এটি একাকীত্ব দূর করে - সেই ভয়াবহ একাকীত্ব যেখানে কাঁপতে থাকা একটি চেতনা পৃথিবীর প্রান্ত থেকে ঠান্ডা, অনুমানব্যাহত ও নিষ্প্রাণ গহ্বরে তাকিয়ে থাকে। শেষতক, আমি এটি খুঁজেছি কারণ ভালোবাসার মিলনে আমি দেখেছি, রহস্যময় ক্ষুদ্র আকারে, সেই স্বর্গের পূর্বচ্ছায়া যেটি সাধুরা ও কবিরা কল্পনা করেছেন। আমি এটাই খুঁজেছি, এবং এটি অবাস্তব মনে হলেও, শেষ পর্যন্ত - আমি এটি পেয়েছি।
জ্ঞান লাভের ক্ষেত্রেও আমার একই রকম জোরালো আগ্রহ ছিল। আমি মানুষের মনের গভীরতা বুঝতে চেয়েছি। আমি জানতে চেয়েছি তারকা কেন জ্বলে।
ভালোবাসা ও জ্ঞান যতদূর সম্ভব, সেগুলো আমাকে আকাশের দিকে নিয়ে গিয়েছে। কিন্তু সবসময়ই সহানুভূতি আমাকে পৃথিবীতে ফিরিয়ে এনেছে। যন্ত্রণার চিৎকারের প্রতিধ্বনি আমার হৃদয়ে প্রতিধ্বনিত হয়। দুর্ভিক্ষে কাতর শিশুরা, নির্যাতনকারীদের হাতে নির্যাতিত শিকার, তাদের ছেলেদের কাছে ঘৃণ্যকর বোঝা হয়ে দাঁড়িয়ে থাকা অসহায় বৃদ্ধরা, এবং সৌন্দর্য, দারিদ্র্য এবং যন্ত্রণার অপূরণীয় বিশ্ব মানব জীবন কেমন হওয়া উচিত তার উপহাস করে। আমি এই দুঃখ দূর করতে চাই, কিন্তু পারি না, এবং আমিও কষ্ট পাই।
এইটাই আমার জীবন। আমি এটাকে বাঁচার উপযোগী পেয়েছি, এবং সুযোগ পেলে আবার বাঁচতে খুশি হব।
